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安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families
按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost
按揭贷款 mortgage loan
按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance |
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白色农业 white agriculture (also called "white engineering
agriculture"; It refers to microbiological agriculture
and biological cell agriculture.)
白条 IOU note, IOU:债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来
搬迁户 relocated families
半拉子工程 uncompleted project
包干到户 work contracted to households
包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly
in kind and partly in cash
包工包料 contract for labor and materials
保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in
the national economy
保持国有股 keep the State-held shares
保健食品 health-care food
保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area
保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas
保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life
避免“大而全”的重复建设 avoid duplicate (duplicated, overlapping)
construction of small and all inclusive projects
边际报酬 marginal return
边缘科学 boundary science
变相涨价 disguised inflation
博彩（业）lottery industry
补贴与反补贴措施 subsidies and countervailing measures
不可再生资源 non-renewable resources
不良贷款 non-performing loan
不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
不准打白条 No illegitimate promissory notes (IOUs) |
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采取高姿态 show magnanimity
采取市场多元化战略 adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market
菜篮子工程 shopping basket program
参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs
仓储式超市 stockroom-style supermarket
草根工业 grass root industry (refers to village and township
enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like
wild grass)
层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting
差额投票 differential voting
差额选举 competitive election
拆迁户 households or units relocated due to building demolition
搀水股票 water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be
bought by persons inside a stock company or a business
at a cost lower that their face value)
产粮大省 granary province
产量比1997年增加了2倍 the output has increased 3 times (registered
a 3-fold increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997
产品结构 product mix
产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well
defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise
from administration, and scientific management
产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order
产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing
产业的升级换代 upgrading of industries
产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure
长二捆 LM-2E
长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual supervision,
sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of
weal or woe
长线产品 product in excessive supply
畅通工程 "Smooth Traffic Project"
唱高调 mouth high-sounding words
超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer
超前消费 over consuming, excessive consumption
彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force
城市规划 city's landscaping plan; urban planning
城市中年雅皮士 muppie (由middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成)
城乡信用社 credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas
城镇社会保障体系 urban social security system
吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating
from the same big pot"
吃皇粮 receive salaries, subsidies, or other supports from
the government
重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar
projects
出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports
出口加工区 export processing zones
出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods;
export (tax) rebate
出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities originally produced
for exports
传销 multi-level marketing
创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city
创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park
吹风会 (advanced) briefing
春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program
春运 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival
磁悬浮列车 Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic
suspension train
从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive
economy
粗放式管理 extensive management
促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits |
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打白条 issue IOU
打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering
大包干 all-round responsibility system
大路货 staple goods
大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener
大款 tycoon
大排挡 sidewalk snack booth; large stall
大事化小，小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less
serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all
大腕 top notch
大学生创业 university students' innovative undertaking
大要案 major and serious criminal cases
大专生 junior college student
大专文凭 associate degree
带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while
allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits
待岗 await job assignment, post-waiting
待业 job-waiting
代职 function in an acting capacity
党群关系 Party-masses relationship
党政机关 Party and government organizations
盗版VCD pirated VCD
盗打（电话） free call on somebody else's expense through
illegal means
盗用公款 embezzlement
倒票 speculative reselling of tickets
倒爷 profiteer
倒计时 countdown
等外品 off-grade goods, rejects
邓小平外交思想 Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts
低调 low keyed (a metaphor for taking a cautious and slow
approach)
第二产业 secondary industry
第三产业 tertiary industry; service sector
第三代移动电话(3G手机) third generation mobile; 3G mobile
地方保护主义 regional protectionism
地方财政包干制 system whereby local authorities take full responsibility
for their finances
地球村 global village
地区差异 regional disparity
地热资源 geothermal resources
地市级城市 prefecture-level city
抵抗全球经济衰退 to combat the global economic slump
点子公司 consultancy company
电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number
电话会议 teleconference
电视直销 TV home shopping
电子商务认证 e-business certification
吊销执照 revoke license
钉子户 person or household who refuses to move and bargains
for unreasonably high compensation when the land is
requisitioned for a construction project
定向培训 training for specific posts
豆腐渣"工程 jerry-built project
东亚金融危机 the southeast Asian Financial crisis (turmoil)
独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit(enterprise)
短期债务 floating debt
对大中型国营企业进行公司制改革 to corporatize large and medium-sized
State-owned enterprises
对冲基金 hedge fund
对外招商 attract foreign investment
多党合作制 multi-party co-operation in exercising State power |
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恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation
恶性循环 vicious circle
二板市场; 创业板市场 second board (on the country's stock market)
二次创业 start a new undertaking
二元经济 dual economy |
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法轮功 Falun Gong Cult
发烧友 fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan
发行股票、债券 issue shares and bonds
发扬优良传统 carry forward the fine traditions
发优惠券以促销 issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales
发展不平衡 disparate development
发展是硬道理 Development is of overriding importance. / Development
is the absolute need.
发展新兴产业和高技术产业 develop rising and high-tech industries
发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业 develop animal husbandry (livestock farming),aquaculture
and forestry
法治国家 a country under the rule of law
法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system
翻两番 quadruple
反不正当竞争法 Law of the People's Republic of China Against
Competition by Inappropriate Means
反对铺张浪费 oppose/combat extravagance and waste
反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government
反倾销 anti-dumping
防抱死系统 ABS (anti-lock braking system)
防洪工程 flood-prevention project
防止经济过热 prevent an overheated economy (overheating of
the economy)
防止国有资产流失 prevent the loss (devaluation) of State assets
防止泡沫经济 avoid a bubble economy (too many bubbles in the
economy)
房管 real estate management
非对称数字用户环路 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)
费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes
分拆上市 A subsidiary company of a corporation is listed
on the stock market.
分流 reposition of redundant personnel
分流下岗人员争取再就业 redirect laid-off workers for reemployment
分期付款 installment payment
分税制 system of tax distribution
（产品）分销 sub underwriting, distribution
粉领族 pink-collar tribe (Women who play major role in
certain professions such as office workers, secretaries,
models, airline hostesses, etc)
风险投资 venture capital; risk investment
封闭式基金 close-ended fund
福利彩票 welfare lotteries
福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system
浮动工资 floating wages; fluctuating wages
扶贫、脱贫 poverty reduction and elimination
复式住宅duplex apartment; compound apartment (a type of
residential housing that maximizes usable space by increasing
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改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师 the chief architect of China's reform,
opening and modernization drive
改进产业结构和产品结构 improve the industrial pattern and product
mix
该公司股票已经上市 the stock of the company have been listed
(have gone public, have been launched)
改制上市：An enterprise is re-organized according to modern
corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock
market.
赶上或超过国际先进水平 catch up with or even surpass advanced world
levels
干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary,
younger in average age, better educated and professionally
more competent
港人治港 Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong
高产优质 high yield and high quality
高度自治 high degree of autonomy
高官会 Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)
高级商务师 Certified Business Executive
高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜 hold high the greater banner of Deng xiaoping
Theory
高科技板块 high-tech sector
高新技术产业开发区 high and new technology industrial development
zone
根本政治制度 fundamental political system
个人收入应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of individual
incomes for tax payment
个人所得税 individual income tax
个体户 self-employed households /people
个体工商业者 individual industrialists and businessman
跟踪审计 follow-up auditing
工程公司 engineering company
工商局 industrial and commercial bureau
工薪阶层 salariat; state employee; salaried person
工业控制一体化integrated industrial control; industrial control
of integration
工业园区 industrial park
公费医疗 medical services at state expense
公告板服务 Bulletin Board Service (BBS)
公检法 public security organs, procuratorial organs and
people's courts
公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds
公开喊价市场 open outcry markets
公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds
公司分立与解散 separation and dissolution of a company
公务员 public servants; civil servants; government functionaries;
government employees
公益林 public welfare forest
公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open
公证财产 notarize the properties
共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and political
consultation under the leadership of Communist Party
狗仔队dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural)
(It refers to those journalists who are hunting the
news of celebrities.)
购买力 purchasing power
骨干企业 key enterprise
股本金equity capital
股份合作制 the joint stock cooperative system
股份制 the joint stock system
股票热降温了 the stock craze has abated
股市指数 the stock market (exchange) index
股市指数突破1300点大关 the stock index broke the 1300-poit mark
股指暴跌，跌幅7.8%，以14.3元探底 the index slumped 7.8 percent to
14.3 Yuan
鼓励兼并，规范破产 encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy
procedures
挂职
1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself)
2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining
one's position in the previous unit
关税壁垒 customs barrier; tariff wall
光谷 optical valley
光机电一体化 optical, mechanical and electronic integration
光盘杂志 CD-ROM magazine
光通讯 photo-communication; optical communication
广告电话直销direct response advertising
广域网 wide area network (WAN)
国家公务员制度 the system of public services
国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the
Economic Systems
国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua
国家一级保护 first-grade State protection
国家质量技术监督局 the State Bureau of Quality and Technical
Supervision
国家指定考试 government-mandated test
国库券 treasury bonds
国民党 Kuomintang
国民经济支柱产业 pillar industries in national economy
国内生产总值/国民生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross
National Product)
国债专项资金 special fund for treasury bond
过度开垦 excess reclamation |
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函授大学 correspondence university
合理引导消费 guide rational consumption
合议庭 collegiate bench
核销 cancel after verification
黑店 gangster inn
黑客 hacker
黑社会 Mafia-style organizations; gangland
恒生指数（香港）宽幅震荡 the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently
宏观调控 macro-control
红包 （中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe,
kickback
红帽子企业 red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a
private enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a
government department and doing business in the name
of a state-run or collective-run enterprise)
环太平洋地区 Pacific Rim
胡子工程 long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so
long that young workers become bearded)
互动广告 interactive advertisement
户口簿 residence booklet
户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system
户主 head of a household
"黄、赌、毒" pornography,
gambling and drug abuse and trafficking
黄金时段 prime time
(吃)"皇粮" public grain funds, goods, etc provided
by the government; salary paid by the state
灰色收入 income from moonlighting
婚外恋 extramarital love
活到老，学到老 One is never too old to learn.
火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)
货币化 monetization
货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation
货到付款 cash on delivery |
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机场建设费 airport construction fee
机构臃肿 overstaffing in organizations (government)
基本路线要管一百年 The basic line must be followed unswervingly
for a very long time to come.
基本国情 fundamental realities of the country
基层民主 democracy at the grassroots level
基层组织 organizations at the grass-roots level
基础设施工程第一期 the first phase of the infrastructure project
基因工程 genetic engineering
积压产品 overstocked commodities (inventories)
积极培育新的经济增长点 actively cultivate new points of economic
growth
绩优股 blue chip
集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
计划单列市 city specifically designated in the state plan
计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning
技术产权交易所 technology equity market; technology property
right exchange
技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业 technology-intensive/labor-intensive/capital- intensive/knowledge-intensive
industries
技术更新/改造 technological updating /renovation
技术下乡 spread technological knowledge to farmers
加班 work extra shifts
加快经济结构调整 accelerate economic restructuring
加密 encrypt
加权平均值 weighted average
加强物质文明和精神文明的建设 foster both material progress and cultural
and ethical (cultural and ideological) progress
加强优生、优育 improve prenatal and postnatal care
加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained
in public opinion
加速科技成果商品化、产业化进程 accelerate the commercialization and
industrialization of scientific and technological achievements
家庭联产承包责任制 the household contract responsibility system
家族企业 family firm
假唱 lip-synch
假动作 deception, feint
假日经济 holiday economy
坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见 persist in reunification, oppose
separation, increase understanding and iron out differences
监督部门 watchdog
尖端产品 highly sophisticated products
艰苦创业的精神 the hardworking and enterprising spirit
剪彩 cut the ribbon
剪刀差 the scissors gap between the prices of ... and ...
减负 alleviate burdens on sb.
减轻农民负担 lighten the burden on the peasants (farmers)
减员增效 downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve
efficiency
建设性战略伙伴关系 a constructive strategic partnership
讲诚信，反欺诈： honor credibility and oppose cheating
教育部社政司 Social Science Research and Ideological Work
Department of the Ministry of Education
街道企业 neighborhood enterprise
解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces
解放思想、实事求是的思想路线 ideological line of emancipating the
mind and seeking truth from facts
解困基金 anti-poverty funds
解决他们的温饱问题 provide them with adequate food and clothing
金融电子化 computerize financial services
金税工程 Golden Tax Project
紧密型企业集团 tightly-knit groups of enterprises
近海渔业 offshore fishery
进出口商会 chamber of import and export trade
进口渗透 import penetration
进修班 class for further studies
禁渔期 closed fishing seasons
禁止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸 prohibit any nuclear
weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy
at any place and in any environment
经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus
of current account
经常性贷款 commercial lending
经常性支出 running expenses
经济发展全球化的趋势 the globalization trend in economic development
经济法制化 to manage economic affairs according to law;to
put economic operation on a legal basis
经济技术开发区 an economic and technological development zone
经济林 cash tree
经济全球化 economic globalization; economic integration
经济市场化/私有化 the mercerization/privatization of the economy
经济失调指数 misery index
经济体制改革 economic restructuring
经济头脑 commercially minded people; people with business
sense
经济萎缩/起飞/兴旺 an economic depression (slump, recession)/an
economic takeoff/an economic boom
经济转轨 switch to a market economy
经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业 modern big enterprise with highly scientific
management system
精简各级政府机构 streamline government departments at all levels
精简机构 streamline government organs
精品 competitive products
京剧票友 Peking Opera fan
京剧人物脸谱 types of facial make-up in Beijing opera
景泰蓝 cloisonné
九届二次全国人民代表大会 the second session of the 9th National
People's Congress
九届全国人大五次会议 the Fifth Session of the Ninth NPC
九五攻关 State Key Task 95
就业前和在职培训 pre-employment and on-the-job (in-service)
training
纠正行业不正之风 rectify malpractice in various trades
居委会 neighborhood committee; residents' committee
局域网 local area network (LAN)
举报电话 informants' hot-line telephone
拒载 refuse to take passengers
君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure
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卡丁车 kart
开放式基金 open-ended fund
开工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity
开工典礼 commencement ceremony
开后门under-the-counter deals; offer advantages to one's
friends or relatives by underhand means
开题报告 opening speech; opening report
开小灶 give special favor
开夜车 burn the midnight oil; work over night
坎儿井 karez
抗美援朝战争 War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea
抗震棚 quake-proof shelter
考研 take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate
schools
考研热 the craze for graduate school
科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological
achievements
科技含量 technology content
科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary
productive force.
科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the
nation
科研攻关 scientific research and tackle the key research
project
可持续发展 sustainable development
刻录机 CD writer; disc-carving machine
扣除通货膨胀因素后的人均实际年收入 the annual per-captia income in real
terms (allowing for inflation )
跨国公司 transnational corporation (transactional, multinational
corporation ,multinational)
跨世纪工程 a trans-century project
跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development
快讯 news flash; flash
宽带接入 broadband access
宽带网 broadband networks
宽限期 grace period
亏损企业 enterprises running in the red/under deficit
困难职工 the needy
扩大/缩小地区发展差距 widen/narrow the gap/disparity between regions/localities
in terms of development
扩大内需，刺激消费 expand domestic demand and consumption |
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垃圾债券 junk bond
拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth
来料加工 process materials supplied by clients; accept customers'
materials for processing
劳动合同制 labor contract system
劳务输出 export of labor services
劳务招聘会 a labor fair; a job fair
老字号 an old and famous shop or enterprise, old name in
business
离退休人员基本养老金 basic pensions for retirees
"篱笆墙"
barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading
礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity.
理货公司 tally company
礼仪小姐 ritual girl
利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
利好因素 wrinkle
立体农业 three-dimensional agriculture
连续五年丰收 bumper harvests for five consecutive years (for
five years in a row, for five years running, for five
years on end, for the fifth consecutive year)
廉政建设 construction of a clean and honest administration
廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府 an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient
government
廉洁奉公，以正治国 (of an official) clean and devoted, and govern
the state with his
own example of uprightness
联产承包责任制 system of contracted responsibility linking
remuneration to output; contract system with remuneration
linked to output
联合兼并 conglomeration and merger of enterprises
联想集团 Legend Group
练摊 to be a vendor
良性循环 virtuous circle
粮食收购部门 (government's) grain procurement (purchasing)
agencies
粮油关系：grain and oil rationing registration
两岸直航促进会 Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct
Transportation
两弹一艇 A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine
"两个对等的政治实体" two equal political entities
两个文明一起抓 place equal emphasis on material and ethical
progress
两手抓两手都要硬 We must address ourselves to the problem of
both material and spiritual civilization(both material
as well as culture and ideological progress) without
any letup.
"两思"（致富思源，富而思进） to think of
the source of getting rich and of making progress after
becoming affluence
老少边穷地区 former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited
by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and
poverty-stricken areas
劣等品shoddy goods; substandard goods; lemon (口语)
零配件 spare and accessory parts
留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary
留学咨询：consulting on the study abroad
流动人口 transient population
流动图书馆 travelling library; bookmobile
(行业中的)龙头老大 leading enterprise; flagship of the industry
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary
requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises
乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and
fines
裸机：bare mobile phone
绿地覆盖率 forest coverage rate
绿化 afforestation
绿色急救通道 emergency green path
绿色食品 green food |
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马路菜场入室工程 the project to build indoor free market to
accommodate street vegetable vendors
马太效应 the Matthew effect (A phenomenon in specific circles
whereby one's accomplishments and reputation tend to
snowball, and those with meager accomplishments have
greater difficulty achieving accomplishments. )
盲流和倒流人员 transient from the countryside
冒充包装（销售）[指将劣质商品包装成外观像名优产品出售的做法] copycat packaging
买一送一 two-for-one offer, buy one get one free
门前三包 be responsible for general sanitation, green covering
and keeping good social order in a designated area outside
the unit building
蒙古包 (Mongolian) yurt
蒙古大夫 quack
民办教师 citizen-managed teachers (teachers in rural citizen-managed
or state-managed schools who do not receive the normal
remuneration from the government)
民工潮 farmers' frenzied hunt for work in cities
民进党 Democratic Progressive Party
民主党派、工商联与无党派人士 non-Communist parties, federations of
industry and commerce, personages without party affiliation
民族凝聚力 national cohesion
民族委员会 ethnic affairs commission
民族文化大省 a province with rich ethnic culture
名牌产品 famous-brand products ,brand named product
明明白白消费（2000年保护消费者权益工作主题）transparent consumption
母公司/子公司/分公司/办事处 the parent company /subsidiary/branch/representative
office
目标管理 management by objectives |
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NASDAQ National Association of Securities Dealers
Automated Quotations
纳米 nanometer
南水北调 South-to-North water diversion
南水北调工程 the project of diverting water from the south
to the north
耐用消费品 durable consumer items (goods)
内环路 inner ring road
内联企业 enterprises with internal connections
能官能民 be ready to both serve as an official and be one
of the common people
能进能出，能上能下competent to work both at the top and at the
grass roots
能进能出，能上能下,方谓好汉 He who knows how to fight and how to
retreat deserves to be called a brave man.
能上网的手机 WAP phone
内耗 in-fighting
年度国家预算annual State budget
年同比 year-on-year; on an annual basis
农村/城市信用合作社 rural/urban credit cooperatives
农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labour (labourers)
农副业产品 agricultural (farm) and sideline products
牛市/熊市 a bull/bear market |
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派出所 local police station
泡沫经济 bubble economy
培养跨世纪人才 bring up (foster) cross-century (trans-century)
specialists
配股 allotment of shares
配套政策 supporting policies
棚户 shacks; family that live in shacks
碰钉子 get snubbed
碰头会 brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting
with no fixed agenda, the main purpose of which is to
exchange information.)
疲软股票 soft stock
皮包公司 bogus company
票贩子 scalper, ticket tout
票房 box office
骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency by false pretenses,
not turn over foreign currency owed to the government
and illegal arbitrage
贫富悬殊 polarization of rich and poor
平均主义 equalitarianism
瓶颈制约 bottleneck restrictions
普选制 general election system |
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期房 forward delivery housing
企业孵化器 enterprise incubator
企业文化 corporate culture
敲竹杠fleece, overcharge, make somebody pay through the
nose; put the lug on; rob by a trick
切入点 point of penetration; breakthrough point
轻轨火车 light rail train
情感消费 emotional consumption
区位商业 location-based commerce
取消“大锅饭” give up the practice of "eating from the
same big pot”; abolish egalitarianism
取消福利分房 abolish the welfare-oriented distribution (allocation)
of public housing
全国人大代表deputy to the National People's Congress
全国人民代表大会 （简称 全国人大） National People's Congress (NPC)
全国人民代表大会主席团 the NPC Presidium
全国人民代表大会常务委员会 the NPC Standing Committee
全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing
Committee
全面投产开工 go into (enter ) full operation; be full operation;
be fully operational
全民健身计划纲要 outline of the nationwide body-building plan
全球定位系统 global positioning system (GPS)
全球通 global system for mobile communications
全体会议plenary meeting
全天候飞机 all-weather aircraft
全优工程 all-round excellent project
拳头产品 competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster
裙带风 nepotism; petticoat influence
裙带关系 networking through petticoat influence
群言堂 allow everybody to air his view; let everyone have
his say; speak one's mind freely
权贵资本主义(又译裙带资本主义或亲朋好友资本主义) crony capitalism |
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燃油附加税 bunker surcharge
热岛效应 tropical island effect
人才 competent people; trained personnel; experts; specialists
人才流失brain drain
人才市场 the personnel market
人浮于事 overstaffing
人工智能 artificial intelligence(AI)
人海战术 huge-crowd strategy
人口负增长 negative population growth (NPG)
人均国民生产总值达到中等发达国家水平 The average per-capita GNP will reach
the standard of moderately developed countries.
人均住房 per-capita housing
人民币对美圆汇率稳定 the stability of RMB exchange rate against
USD
人民币贬值的压力 the devaluation pressure on RMB
人情债 debt of gratitude
融资渠道 financing channels
弱势群体 disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。--Special
employment assistance should be given to members of
disadvantaged groups.) |
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三八红旗手 woman pace-setter
三八线 38th Parallel
三步走战略 the three-step development strategy
三大作风 the Party's three important styles of work (integrating
theory with practice, forging close links with the masses
and practicing self-criticism)
"三个代表"
"three represents" theory (The Party should
always represent the development needs of China's advanced
social productive forces, always represent the onward
direction of China's advanced culture, and always represent
the fundamental interests of the largest member of the
Chinese people.)
三个有利于 "three favorables" (whether it promotes
the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society,
increases the overall strength of the socialist state
and raises the people's living standards
三好学生 merit student; three good student(good in study,
attitude and health)
"三讲"教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气）
"three emphases" education (to stress theoretical
study, political awareness and good conduct)
三角债 chain debt
三来一补企业 the enterprises that process raw materials on
clients' demands, assemble parts for the clients and
process according to the clients' samples; or engage
in compensation trade.
三民主义 the Three People's Principles (Nationalism, Democracy
and the People's Livelihood) put forward by Dr. Sun
Yat-sen
三通 three direct links of trade, mail, and air and shipping
services across the Taiwan Straits
三通一平 "three supplies and one leveling"; supply
of water, electricity and road and leveled ground (conditions
ready for further economic development)
三无企业 three-no-enterprises (It refers to enterprises
with no capital, no plant, and no administrative structure.)
三下乡 a program under which officials, doctors, scientist
and college students go to the countryside to spread
scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical
service to farmers
三资企业 three kinds of foreign-invested enterprises or
ventures: Sino-foreign joint ventures (中外合资企业), cooperative
businesses （中外合作企业） and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises
in China（外商独资企业）
"扫黄"、"打非"
eliminate pornography and illegal publications
沙尘暴sand storm; dust storm
商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau
商品房空置的现象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing
商品粮基地 a commodity grain production base
商品条码 bar code
商业银行 commercial banks
上海证券交易所 the Shanghai Securities Exchange
上山下乡 (of educated urban youth) go and work in the countryside
or mountain areas
上市 to be listed
上网 to get on the Internet
少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 the minority is subordinate
to the majority, the lower level to the higher level,
the part to the whole and the entire membership of the
Party to the Central Committee
社会热点问题 hot spots of society
社会治安情况 public security situation
涉外经济 foreign-related business
神州行电话卡 Shenzhou pre-paid card
审时度势 size up the situation
渗透、颠覆和分裂活动 infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities
生活物价指数 the cost of living index/the price index
生计问题 bread-and butter issue
生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture
失学儿童 dropout
实话实说 speak the plain truth; call a spade a spade
实践是检验真理的唯一标准 Practice is the sole criterion for testing
truth.
实体经济 the real economy
实现中华民伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese
nation
实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promotion of family planning to
control the population size and improve the health of
the people
实现小康目标 to achieve the goal of ensuring our people a
relatively comfortable life
使经济进一步市场化 make the economy more market-oriented
使大中型企业摆脱困境 extricate (free) the large and medium-sized
state-owned enterprises from predicament
市场疲软 sluggish market
市场准入 market access
试点项目 pilot project
试用期 probationary period
适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight financial policy
适销对路的产品 readily marketable products
适者生存survival of the fittest
手机入网费 mobile access fee
首创精神 pioneering spirit
授信额度（信用贷款之最高限额）line of credit
受灾地区 disaster-affected area
售后服务 after-sale services
树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image
刷卡, 划卡 to punch the card; to stamp the card
甩卖 clearance sale; be on sale
涮羊肉 instant-boiled mutton
双刃剑 double-edged sword
双向选择 two-way selection, referring to employer and employee
choosing each other in a job market
水货 smuggled goods
硕博联读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate
and doctoral study
私人企业 private enterprises (foreign-funded, foreign financed
foreign-owned) enterprises
思想僵铁 fossilized concept
四个如何认识 (江泽民总书记在今年6月28日中央思想政治工作会议上发表的重要讲话中，
提出并精辟阐述了如何认识社会主义发展的历史进程、如何认识资本主义发展的历史进程、
如何认识我国社会主义改革实践过程对人们思想的影响、如何认识当今的国际环境和国际
政治斗争带来的影响等当前直接影响干部群众思想活动的重大问题.)
In his important address to the Central Ideological
and Political Work Conference on June 28 this year,
Party General Secretary Jiang Zemin expounds on how
to understand the historical process of socialist development;
how to understand the historical process of capitalist
development; how to understand the impact of China's
socialist reform over the people's thinking; how to
understand the impact of the current international environment
and political struggle.
四十不惑 Life begins at forty.
四项基本原则 the Four Cardinal Principles of adherence to
the socialist road, the people's democratic dictatorship,
the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and
Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
(企业集团的）松散层 loose level (of an enterprise group)
素质教育 education for all-around development |
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弹性工资 flexible pay
弹性外交 elastic diplomacy
逃票 to sneak through without a ticket
逃票者 ticket evader
套利 arbitrage
特困行业和企业industries and enterprises in dire straits
特许税franchise tax
提高军队在高科技条件下的作战能力 improve the army combat capabilities
under high-tech conditions
提高农产品收购价格 the government's increase in its procurement
prices (for farm products)
提高综合国力 improve the overall national strength (the overall
strength of the country)
跳蚤市场 flea market
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
铁哥们 faithful pal；buddies；sworn friend
通存通兑 the banking procedure where deposits and withdrawals
are processed at any branch bank
通货紧缩 deflation (of currency)
统筹安排 comprehensive arrangement
统一市场 single market
统一税 flat tax, consolidated tax
同等学力 have the same educational level (as the regular
graduate or student of certain academic qualification)
同乡会 an association of fellow provincials or townsmen
筒子楼：tube-shaped apartment
偷税漏税 tax evasion
偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud, and refusal to pay
taxes
投诉 lodge a complaint, register a beef
投诉热线 dial-a-cheat confidential hotline
投资热点 a region attractive to investors, a much-sought
piece of land, popular investment spot
透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence
土地沙化 desertification of land; desert encroachment
推广科研成果 turning laboratory achievements into commercial/mass
production; commercialization of laboratory achievements
推进国民经济信息化 try to informationize the national economy
推进政府机构改革 restructure government institutions
退耕还林还草 grain for green
脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on
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外商独资企业 wholly (solely ) foreign-owned enterprises
外向型经济/城市 an export-oriented economy/a foreign-oriented
city, an international city
外资 overseas investment
外资企业 foreign invested (foreign founded ,foreign financed
,foreign-owned) enterprises
汪辜会谈 Wang Daohan-Koo Chen-fu Talks (Wang-Koo talks)
网吧 Internet bar
网络出版 online publishing
网络管理员 network administrator
网络经济 cyber economy
网民 netizen; net citizen; cyber citizen
网上冲浪surf the Internet
网上交易平台 online trading platform
网友 net friend
温饱工程 bring-warmth fill-bellies project
稳定压倒一切 Maintaining stability is of top priority
维护人权和不断改善人权状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve
the human rights situation
伪劣商品赔还法 lemon law
文明街道 model community
问讯处 information office; inquiry desk
屋顶花园 roof garden
无氟冰箱 Freon-free refrigerator
无人售票 self-service ticketing
无绳来电显示电话 cordless telephone with caller ID
无为而治 govern by doing nothing that is against nature;
govern by non-interference
无线应用协议 WAP（wireless application protocol）
无形资产intangible assets
无中生有 make/create something out of nothing
物价局 Price Bureau
物业管理 estate management, property management |
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生态建筑 ecological construction
西部大开发 West Development
西电东送 transmission of electricity from the western to
the eastern region
西气东输 transport the natural gas from the West to the
East
吸收游资 absorb idle fund
希望工程 Project Hope
洗钱 money laundering
下放权力给 delegate the management of ... (to ...)
下岗 laid-off workers
下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers
下海 plunge into the commercial sea
下网 off line
下游行业 downstream industry
宪法修正案amendments to the Constitution
线下商贸运作 offline business operation
县改市：county upgraded to city
县级市：county-level city
现代企业制度 modern enterprise system; modern corporate system
乡镇企业 township enterprises
项目立项 approve and initiate a project
项目预算 project budget
项目支持 project support
消除两极分化，最终达到共同富裕 eliminate polarization and ultimately
achieve common prosperity
消费信贷 consumer credit services
小康 a comfortable level of living; a better-off life;
moderate prosperity
小康水平 the living standards of a fairly comfortable life;
a relatively comfortable standard of living
小康之家 well-off family; comfortably-off family
小组讨论panel discussions/group discussions
效益工资achievements-related wages; wages based on benefits
效益农业 profitable agriculture
新闻发布会press conference
信贷支持 credit aid
信息港 inforport; cyber port
信息化 informationize
信用紧缩 credit crunch
信用危机credit crisis
虚拟网 virtual net
选举权和被选举权 the right to vote and the right to be elected
选举人票 electoral vote
选举人制 electoral system
学而优则仕 (a Confucian slogan for education) a good scholar
can become an official; he who excels in study can follow
an official career
学生减负 alleviate the burden on students
寻呼小姐 operators who work with paging centres
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沿着有中国特色的社会主义道路阔步前进 take great strides along the road
to socialism with Chinese characteristics
严打斗争Strike-Hard Operation, campaign to crack down relentlessly
on criminal activities
养老金 pension
养路费 road toll
摇钱树 cash cow
摇头丸 dancing outreach
药物检查 dope control, drug testing
液晶显示屏 liquid crystal display (LCD)
依法收税 levy taxes according the law
一次偿还信贷 non-installment
一次付清 pay in full
一次消费 one-time-consumption
一大二公 (concerning the people's commune) large in size
and collective in nature
一刀切 cut it even at one stroke--make it rigidly uniform;
impose uniformity in all cases; allow no flexibility
一国两制，One country, two systems
一级市场 primary market
一蹶不振的B股市场 a sluggish B-share market
一式两联 (receipt or invoice) in duplicate
一手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明；一手抓经济建设，一手抓民主法制；一手抓改革开放， 一手抓打击犯罪惩治腐败
We must always work for material progress and at the
same time for cultural and ethical progress; We should
develop the economy and at the same time strengthen
democracy and the legal system; We should promote reform
and opening to the outside world and at the same time
fight crime and punish corruption.
一线员工 worker at the production line
医疗保险 medical insurance
医疗改革 health care reform
移动电话双向收费 two-way charges for cellular phones
以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern with the public sector
remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy
developing side by side
以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction
以谋略制胜 outmaneuver
以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains
以人为本 people oriented; people foremost
以市场为导向 market-oriented
以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and
efficiency on the basis of quality
以质量求发展 strategy of development through quality; win
the market with quality products
义务兵役制 compulsory military service, conscription
义务教育 compulsory education
义演收入 proceeds from benefit performance
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
隐形收入 invisible income; off-payroll income; side money
隐性就业 unregistered employment
隐形眼镜 contact lens
硬道理 absolute principle, top priority
营业税 turnover tax; business tax
应试教育 examination-oriented education system
拥军优属 preferential treatment for families of servicemen
and martyrs
拥有至少50%的股份 hold a minimum of 50% percent of the equity
优化结构 optimize structure
优化组合 optimization grouping; optional regrouping
由于资源不足，必须实施可持续发展战略 We must adopt the strategy of sustainable
development owing to the limited resources.
邮递协议 Post Office Protocol (POP)
有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 There must be laws to go by, the
laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers
must be prosecuted.
有价证券投资 portfolio investment
有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 with lofty ideals, integrity, knowledge
and a strong sense of discipline
与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated
into the global market
与美圆的联系汇率 the system of pegging the currency to the U.S.
dollar
舆论导向 direction of public opinion
舆论监督 supervision by public opinion
冤假错案 cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or
wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong
cases
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宰（客） to swindle money out of our customers
"宰人"
rip off
在孵（孵化器）企业 incubated enterprises (incubator)
在职博士生 on-job doctorate
再贷款 re-lending; subloan
再就业服务中心 re-employment service center
造假帐 falsified accounts
增加财政收入 increase the state tax revenue (fiscal revenue)
增殖税 the value-added tax (VAT)
债转股 debt-to-equity swap
沾光 benefit from one's association
站票 standing-room-only ticket
站台票 platform ticket
战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership
涨落线 advance balance line
掌上电脑 palm computer
掌上明珠 the apple of one's eye
朝阳产业 sunrise industry
招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project
招商引资 attract/bid for/invite investments (from overseas)
招生就业指导办公室 enrolment and vocation guidance office
真善美 the true, the good and the beautiful; truth, good
and beauty
振兴支柱产业 invigorate pillar industries
振兴中华 the rejuvenation (revitalization) of the Chinese
nation
正常贸易关系 Normal Trade Relations
政策性住房 policy-related house, policy-based house
政策银行 policy bank
政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 Governments set up the stage, various
departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show.
政府工作报告government's work report
政府上网工程Government Online Project
政府职能转变 transform/shift the government functions
政企不分 without a clear line between the functions of the
government and enterprises; the functions of the government
and enterprises mixed up
政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
政务公开 make government affairs public
证券营业部 stock exchange; security exchange
支持强强联合，实现优势互补 support association between strong enterprises
so that they can take advantage of each other's strengths
支援灾区（灾民）；救灾 provide relief to disaster-stricken areas
(people)
知识产权 intellectual property rights
知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-based economy
执行通货紧缩政策 pursue a deflationary policy (the policy of
deflation)
滞销货 unmarketable (unsalable .poor selling )product
中共十五大 the 15th National Congress of the CPC
中国经济景气监测中心 China Economic Monitoring Center
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会 （简称 全国政协）National Committee of the Chinese
People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会 Standing committee of the National
Committee of the CPPCC
中国新经济峰会 China New Economy Summit
中国政协委员 member of the National Committee of CPPCC
《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》 Law of the People's Republic of China
on the Protection of Consumers' Rights and Interests
中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方 non-targeting strategic nuclear weapons
against each other
中华世纪坛 China Millennium Monument
中外合资100强 the top 100 Sino-foreign (Chinese-foreign)
joint ventures
中央大型企业工委：Central Work Committee for Large Enterprises
中央经济工作会议 the Central Economic Working Conference
中央商务区 central business district (CBD)
中专生 secondary specialized or technical school student
重视老龄化问题 attach importance to the problem of population
aging (the aging population)
昼夜服务 round-the-clock service
主体经济 the mainstay of the economy
主体思想（DPRK） Juche Idea
住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation
住房零首付 zero-yuan first payment (for apartments)
驻港部队People's Liberation Army garrison in Hong Kong
抓大放小 to invigorate large enterprises while relaxing
control over small ones; focus on the restructuring
of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for
themselves
抓住机遇 seize the opportunity
专卖店 exclusive agency; franchised store
专升本 upgrade from junior college student to university
student; students with the diploma of junior college
try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught
study
转化机制 (of State-owned enterprises) to shift to new management
mechanisms
转基因食品 GM food (genetically modified food)
追赶型和跨越式发展 pursuant and leap-forward development
资产保值增值 maintain and increase the value of assets; maintenance
and appreciation of assets value
资产阶级自由化 bourgeois liberalization
资源配置 the distribution (allocation) of resources
自动柜员机 automatic teller machine (ATM)
自律机制 the self-discipline system
自然保护区natural reserve; nature preservation zone
自我保护意识 self-protection awareness
自营 self-run
自由港 free-trade port，free port
综合国力 comprehensive national strength
综合业务数字网 integrated service digital network (ISDN)
综合指数停止下滑，上升28点，达到671点 the composite stopped the declining
momentum, gaining 28 points to 671
综合治理 comprehensive treatment
总裁助理 assistant president
总产值创最高历史记录 total output value hit a record high (an
all-time high)
(各州推选组成的)总统选举团electoral college
最终实现人民币的自由兑换 the free convertibility of the RMB will
eventually be instituted; the RMB will finally become
a convertible currency
遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the
law and honestly perform one's official duties |
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